Ability displayed is not that relevant in the end, amount of vets and experts is.
"Or how many vets + experts are enough to fill up the grey bar at lv 120" You run a 3 gold bar crew on a Nagato, yet did not reach 100% ability yet? I'm assuming this means your crew is rather low on vets and experts. So if you have the option to buy some prem items, I'd say get those sailors to 100/109 vets and fill them up with experts.
And finally, the lower number is your base speed. It is not dependant on engineers, but on the amount of displacement you are using on your ship. (More armor and guns = more weight = less base speed) That speed then becomes the base with which your overheat speed is calculated. Overheat speed can at max be 170% of your base speed and the level and quality of your engineers will determine how high that overheat speed will be. Engineers themselves don't have a cap as GT mentioned, but every ship has different requirements for engineering power to reach its maximum speed. The Yamato for instance is rather imfamous for being hard to reach its 40 knot speed cap.
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